— — eight pillars still standing in the sand.
“The Sabaean temple to the moon god Almaqah, outside Marib in the Yemeni desert, known locally as Mahram Bilqis after the Queen of Sheba of tradition. An oval limestone wall, an entrance hall of eight tall pillars, and a sand floor the wind keeps finding again. Closed to most visitors since the war. The pillars still stand.
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The Sanctuary of the Queen of Sheba, known in Arabic as Mahram Bilqis and academically as the Awwam Temple, sits about three kilometres southeast of Marib in central Yemen. It was the principal sanctuary of the Sabaean kingdom, dedicated to the moon god Almaqah and built from roughly the 8th century BC onward. The defining feature is a great oval enclosure wall, eleven metres high in places, with a colonnaded entrance hall whose surviving eight monolithic pillars are the temple's signature. The Sabaeans called Marib the capital of Sheba.
The temple is built of large, finely cut limestone blocks laid without mortar. Sabaean masons squared each block tight enough to hold the oval wall for nearly three thousand years. The eight pillars of the peristyle hall stand about eight metres tall, each carved from a single limestone shaft. Inscriptions in the Sabaean script are cut into the stones; they record dedications to Almaqah and the names of pilgrims. The American Foundation for the Study of Man, led by Wendell Phillips, first excavated the site in 1951.
Marib lies about 170 kilometres east of Sana'a. Until 2014 visitors could reach the temple by road; since the war in Yemen access has been irregular, and large stretches of the Marib area sit near active front lines. UNESCO placed the Marib archaeological sites, including Awwam, on the World Heritage list in 2023 and on the In Danger list the same year. Local guardianship continues. When the country reopens to travel, the sanctuary will still be standing. It has waited longer than that.