— — the lake the mountain rearranged in one morning.
“On the morning of May 18, 1980, the north face of Mount St. Helens collapsed and the lateral blast lifted Spirit Lake bodily out of its basin. The lake settled back about two hundred feet higher than before, with a mat of floating timber that still drifts on its surface. The mountain stands 8,363 feet now, eleven hundred feet shorter than it was that morning. The lake holds.
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Spirit Lake sits five miles north of Mount St. Helens in Skamania County, Washington, inside the Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument. Before May 18, 1980, the lake surface stood at about 3,200 feet of elevation; after the eruption it settled at roughly 3,406 feet, displaced upward by the debris avalanche that filled the basin. The volcano itself reached 9,677 feet before the eruption and now stands at 8,363 feet. The monument is administered by the U.S. Forest Service within Gifford Pinchot National Forest.
The 1980 eruption killed every fish in Spirit Lake and saturated the water with organic debris and dissolved gases. For a decade the lake was anoxic and effectively sterile. Recovery has been one of the most-studied natural experiments in modern limnology: rainbow trout returned by the early 1990s through unauthorized stocking and have since established a wild population. A floating log raft, several square miles in extent, still covers part of the lake's surface — wood blown into the basin by the lateral blast that morning.
Spirit Lake itself is closed to general public access; the surrounding restricted zone protects ongoing scientific study. Visitors reach views of the lake and the volcano from the Johnston Ridge Observatory on the north side and from Windy Ridge Viewpoint on the east, both within the National Volcanic Monument. The Spirit Lake Memorial Highway, State Route 504, climbs from Castle Rock to Johnston Ridge. The roads typically open from May through October, weather permitting; winter access closes with the snow.