The southernmost of the eight California Channel Islands, a long narrow ridge of basalt and sandstone in the open Pacific west of San Diego. About 35 kilometres long and rising to roughly 600 metres on its eastern escarpment, the island has been owned and managed by the United States Navy since 1934 and used as a training range. It is closed to the public, but the closure has preserved an unusually intact native ecosystem: the endemic San Clemente Island fox, the loggerhead shrike brought back from near-extinction, and a flora of more than four hundred species. — from the studio