— — the valley the freight trains read out loud.
“The city east of Los Angeles where the Inland Empire begins. Founded in 1882 by the Chaffey brothers from Ontario, Canada, who laid Euclid Avenue down the middle, a double row of trees and a tram line running the seven miles from the foothills to the plain. The airport carries the city's name. The freight rail runs through it day and night.
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Ontario sits in western San Bernardino County, about thirty-five miles east of downtown Los Angeles, at the foot of the San Gabriel Mountains. The population is roughly 175,000. The Chaffey brothers, George and William, founded the city as a planned colony in 1882 and named it for their home province in Canada. Ontario International Airport, four miles east of the original townsite, handles around six million passengers a year and serves as a major air-cargo hub for Southern California. Interstate 10 runs through the city's centre.
George and William Chaffey were irrigation engineers from Brockville, Ontario. Their 1882 plan for the new colony ran Euclid Avenue seven miles in a straight line from the San Gabriel foothills south to the railroad, with a wide central median planted in pepper and palm. A mule-drawn streetcar ran the length of the avenue until electrification in 1895. The Chaffeys later carried the same colony model south to design the irrigation works of California's Imperial Valley and, before that, Mildura in Victoria, Australia.
Ontario International Airport, returned to local ownership in 2016 after decades under Los Angeles World Airports, is the fourth-busiest airport in Southern California and the main alternative to LAX for the Inland Empire. The Museum of History and Art on Euclid Avenue holds the city archives and the Chaffey papers. Several citrus packing houses near the rail line still stand. The Graber Olive House on West Fourth Street has cured olives at the same address since 1894, still by hand, with the packing rooms open to visitors.