— — the first bell in a chain of twenty-one.
“The first of the twenty-one California missions, founded on Presidio Hill on 16 July 1769 by Junípero Serra and moved up the San Diego River to its present site in 1774. The current adobe church was rebuilt in 1813 after earlier earthquake damage. A campanario of five bells rises from a white stucco wall, and the grounds hold a small garden of olive and pepper trees. — from the studio
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Mission San Diego de Alcalá stands in San Diego's Mission Valley, on a low rise above the San Diego River about six miles inland from the bay. The Franciscan friar Junípero Serra founded the mission on Presidio Hill on 16 July 1769, the first of the twenty-one Spanish missions strung along Alta California. In 1774 the friars relocated the mission to its present site for better water and farmland. The Roman Catholic Diocese of San Diego still uses the church as an active parish.
The present church, the fifth on the site, was completed in 1813 in plain adobe, after earlier structures were damaged by fire and earthquakes — most severely in 1803. The campanario, a free-standing wall of five bells, frames the south end of the façade and is the mission's most photographed feature. The walls were restored between 1931 and 1941 under the direction of architect Carleton Winslow, who matched the 1813 footprint as closely as the surviving records allowed.
Pope Paul VI designated the church a minor basilica in 1976 in recognition of its status as the first of the California missions. An annual Founder's Day Mass is held each July near the 16 July anniversary. The mission grounds also host an archaeological site where excavations beginning in 1966 have recovered fragments of earlier mission walls, ceramics, and the burial grounds of friars and the local Kumeyaay community.