— — the spire the city still measures itself against.
“Art Deco limestone tower, 1,454 feet to the tip of the antenna, opened on May 1, 1931 at the corner of 34th and Fifth. It was the tallest building in the world for forty years and is still the building New Yorkers point to first when the skyline lights up. The mast was built to moor airships; instead it became the antenna that shaped the postwar skyline.
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The Empire State Building occupies the block bounded by Fifth Avenue, West 33rd Street, and West 34th Street in midtown Manhattan, New York City. The tower rises 1,250 feet to the 102nd-floor observatory and 1,454 feet to the tip of the antenna. Designed by Shreve, Lamb and Harmon and built by the Starrett Brothers and Eken in just 410 days during the Great Depression, it opened on May 1, 1931. The building was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1986 and is owned by Empire State Realty Trust.
The exterior is clad in Indiana limestone and granite, set against vertical stainless-steel mullions that catch the light along the building's full height. The Art Deco lobby, restored in 2009, is finished in marble from Italy, France, Belgium, and Germany; a gilded aluminium relief of the tower covers the wall above the reception desk. Above the 81st floor the building steps back to a slimmer mast originally engineered to moor dirigibles. The mast was reskinned in stainless steel in 1953 when it became a television antenna.
The main observatory on the 86th floor opens 365 days a year, with first entry at 9 a.m. and last entry at 11 p.m. on most evenings. The 102nd-floor observatory, fully glassed since 2019, requires a separate upgrade. Standard adult admission to the 86th floor is around 44 USD, with timed-entry tickets recommended. The line is shortest in the first hour and after 9 p.m. The tower lights run on a published schedule that changes nightly for holidays, civic events, and sports finals.