— — a hill people have been writing on for a thousand years.
“A low basalt outcrop in the open desert west of Gila Bend, Painted Rock holds hundreds of petroglyphs pecked into dark stone by the Hohokam and earlier peoples. Some carvings are about a thousand years old; some far older. The Bureau of Land Management keeps the site open every day, with a short loop trail and a campground beyond the wash.
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Painted Rock Petroglyph Site sits in Maricopa County, Arizona, about 25 miles west of Gila Bend off Interstate 8 and Painted Rock Dam Road. The site is managed by the Bureau of Land Management's Lower Sonoran Field Office. A short loop trail rings a low basalt outcrop carrying more than 700 individual petroglyphs, attributed primarily to the Hohokam, with earlier Archaic-period and later Patayan and historic O'odham additions. A primitive campground sits a short walk west of the outcrop.
The petroglyphs are pecked through dark desert varnish into the lighter basalt beneath. The varnish, a thin manganese-and-iron coating that takes thousands of years to form, is what makes a fresh peck stand out, and what dates older glyphs by re-darkening. Figures include human forms, lizards, spirals, snakes, sun discs, and bow hunters. Most date to the Hohokam period, roughly AD 600 to 1450. Older Archaic figures are abstract; later additions include Spanish and Anglo names cut after 1700. The Hohokam canal-builders to the north are the same culture.
The site is open daily from sunrise to sunset, free of charge, with a small interpretive kiosk and a quarter-mile loop trail. Touching, chalking, or tracing the petroglyphs is prohibited under the Archaeological Resources Protection Act of 1979. The campground has ten sites with vault toilets and no water; bring everything in. Summer temperatures cross 110°F by June and the nearest fuel is in Gila Bend. October through April is the comfortable season. The Lower Sonoran Field Office in Phoenix administers the site.