— — a hole the size of a small valley.
“The United Verde open pit sits just below the town, a terraced bowl carved out of Cleopatra Hill where one of the richest copper mines in the country ran for seventy-seven years. The benches step down in red and grey-green rings. From the Douglas Mansion above, the whole pit and the Verde Valley beyond read as one long view. — from the studio
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The pit is the surface scar of the United Verde Mine, worked from 1883 and converted from underground to open-pit operation in 1918 under James Douglas Jr. of Phelps Dodge. Over its working life the mine produced more than one billion dollars in copper, gold, and silver at then-prices, making it one of the largest copper producers in the United States. Phelps Dodge bought the property in 1935 and closed it in 1953. The terraced pit sits just south of the Jerome historic district on Cleopatra Hill.
The pit walls show the geology that made Jerome rich: a massive sulphide deposit set in Precambrian volcanic rock roughly 1.7 billion years old. The benches read as bands of rust-red iron oxide, copper-stained greens, and pale grey ash-flow tuff. Tailings piles slope down the south face below the pit. The 1916 Douglas Mansion, now the Jerome State Historic Park visitor center, sits on the rim and frames the pit from above.
The pit is best seen from the grounds of Jerome State Historic Park, reached by a short signed road south of the historic district off State Route 89A. The park, set in the 1916 Douglas Mansion, opens daily and houses the original three-dimensional mine model and a viewing terrace over the pit. The pit itself is private property and is not entered; the rim view from the park is the public vantage.