— — a single tower, and then the ocean.
“A bare reef four miles west of the Isles of Scilly, holding nothing but a granite lighthouse and the Atlantic. The current tower has stood since 1858, wrapped in a second granite skin and heightened in 1887. Guinness once listed it as the world's smallest island with a building. For half a century it was the finish line for the Blue Riband.
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Bishop Rock is the westernmost point of the Isles of Scilly, about four miles west of Saint Agnes and roughly forty-five kilometres southwest of Land's End, Cornwall. The rock itself is small enough that the first lighthouse pier was raised above mean high water. The original iron-framed tower, designed by James Walker, was destroyed by a winter storm in 1850 before it was ever lit. The current granite tower, designed by James Douglass, was completed in 1858 and heightened with a granite outer course in 1887. It was automated in 1992.
The 1858 tower was built of dressed Cornish granite dovetailed block to block, each course landed on the rock by a tender working between Atlantic swells. The heightening of 1887 wrapped a second granite skin around the original and raised the focal plane to 44 metres above mean high water. The helideck on top was added in 1976 so that the keepers, and later the maintenance crews, could be relieved without a sea landing. The light was electrified, then automated, and the last keepers came ashore in December 1992.
For the first half of the twentieth century Bishop Rock was the eastern finish line for the Blue Riband, the record for the fastest passenger crossing of the North Atlantic between Ambrose Light off New York and the lighthouse. The Cunarder Queen Mary held it from 1938; the SS United States took it in 1952 with a passage of three days, ten hours, and forty minutes. The Hales Trophy still recognises the surface record. The lighthouse itself remains an active aid to navigation under Trinity House.