— — a peak the morning finds first.
“Yushan is the tallest mountain in Taiwan, and the tallest in northeast Asia outside Kamchatka. The summit ridge holds the first dawn light a few minutes before anything else on the island. The route from Tataka climbs through Taiwan red cedar and Yushan juniper, past Paiyun Lodge, to a peak that rises clean above the Central Range. The park caps daily climbers, and the trail stays quiet.
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Yushan rises to 3,952 metres (12,966 feet) at the centre of Taiwan, the highest peak on the island and the tallest mountain in northeast Asia outside of Kamchatka. It anchors Yushan National Park, a 1,053-square-kilometre reserve established in 1985 that spans Nantou, Chiayi, Kaohsiung, and Hualien counties. The mountain was called Niitaka-yama during the Japanese colonial period and renamed Yushan, meaning Jade Mountain, after 1945. The summit appears on the back of the thousand-dollar New Taiwan banknote, alongside the mikado pheasant, a species native to the range.
The summit stands above the treeline, and the last 800 metres run through alpine scrub and exposed rock. Atmospheric pressure at the top is about 60 percent of sea level, so guides set a slow pace from Paiyun Lodge and start the summit push around three in the morning. Above 3,500 metres the air is dry and the temperature can drop below freezing in any month. Climbers who reach the ridge by sunrise see the shadow of the cone stretched west across the Central Range as the light moves down the slopes.
Yushan National Park caps permitted climbers on the main peak at 116 per day, allocated by lottery through the park service. Permits cover the Tataka trailhead, the Paiyun Lodge bunk, and the summit attempt, usually as a two-day itinerary. The trailhead sits at 2,610 metres, reached by shuttle from Alishan or by car along Provincial Highway 18. Foreign climbers file an online police mountain permit in parallel. Winter ascents require ice-axe and crampon certification. Conservation rules forbid camping outside the lodge and require all waste to be carried out.