— — the hill that still holds 1943.
“The city the Volga turns at, and the city the Battle of Stalingrad was fought through. Mamayev Kurgan rises above the embankment, the Motherland Calls statue still among the tallest figures in the world. The river is the second character, wide and slow and the same colour at every distance.
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Volgograd lies on the right bank of the Volga River in southern Russia, about 900 kilometres south of Moscow, with a population of roughly one million. Founded in 1589 as the fortress of Tsaritsyn, it was renamed Stalingrad in 1925 and Volgograd in 1961. The city is the administrative centre of Volgograd Oblast and stretches more than 80 kilometres along the riverbank, one of the longest urban footprints in Russia, because it grew in a thin band between the Volga and the steppe.
Mamayev Kurgan, the central memorial complex, was opened on 15 October 1967 to mark the 1942-1943 battle in which roughly two million combatants and civilians died. The crowning statue, The Motherland Calls, by sculptor Yevgeny Vuchetich and engineer Nikolai Nikitin, rises 85 metres from base to sword-tip, for years the tallest free-standing sculpture in the world. Below it sit the Hall of Military Glory, the eternal flame, and the ruined walls of the Grain Elevator left as they fell. The complex remains a working pilgrimage site, not a museum.
The Volga is Europe's longest river, 3,531 kilometres from the Valdai Hills to the Caspian Sea, and at Volgograd it is already near the end of its journey. The Volga-Don Canal, opened in 1952, joins the two rivers here and gives Moscow a working sea route to the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. River cruises run between Moscow and Astrakhan from May to October. In winter the river ices along the banks, but the central channel stays open thanks to the Volgograd Hydroelectric Station upstream.