— — nine onion domes that look like a bonfire holding still.
“St. Basil's stands at the south end of Red Square, where the slope falls toward the Moskva River. Ivan IV ordered the cathedral built in 1555 to mark the capture of Kazan. Nine chapels, nine onion domes, no two alike. The painted exteriors came later, in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The building has held its place through every turn of Russian history since.
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The Cathedral of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos on the Moat — known commonly as St. Basil's — stands at the south end of Red Square in central Moscow, facing the Spasskaya Tower of the Kremlin. It was built between 1555 and 1561 under Tsar Ivan IV to commemorate the 1552 capture of Kazan. The structure rises about 65 metres at its central tent. UNESCO inscribed it together with the Kremlin and Red Square as a World Heritage Site in 1990.
The plan is nine chapels — a central tent-roofed church surrounded by eight smaller domed chapels — on a single raised platform. Tradition assigns the design to the architects Barma and Postnik, though many scholars now treat the two as one man, Postnik Yakovlev of Pskov. The painted exteriors are not from the original construction. The white-walled cathedral was decorated with its current red, green, blue, and gold patterns between roughly 1680 and the late eighteenth century.
The cathedral is now a branch of the State Historical Museum, open most days except Wednesdays, with a standard adult admission. Liturgies are celebrated on principal feast days of the Russian Orthodox calendar. The interior is not one open hall but a network of narrow stair-towers and small, separately decorated chapels, including the Chapel of St. Vasily the Blessed, where the holy fool for whom the cathedral is popularly named was buried in 1557. The acoustics of the central tent are remarkable.