— — the camp the city never looked away from.
“A field of low wooden barracks, guard towers, and a stone mausoleum holding the ashes of the dead, set on open ground at the edge of Lublin in eastern Poland. The camp was never hidden. The city tram line ran past it during the war and runs past it now. Among the largest and least-altered of the Nazi camps preserved as a place of witness and learning.
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KL Lublin, known to the city by the name of the suburb at its gate as Majdanek, was a Nazi German concentration and extermination camp built from October 1941 on the southeastern edge of occupied Lublin in eastern Poland. It operated until the Soviet Red Army reached the city on 22-23 July 1944. Current scholarship by the State Museum and historian Tomasz Kranz puts the number of people killed at the camp at about 78,000, of whom roughly 59,000 were Jews. The grounds cover about 90 hectares of the original 270 and remain among the least-altered of the major camp sites.
Because the Red Army reached Lublin too quickly for the SS to demolish what they had built, Majdanek is the most physically intact of the major German camp sites. Original wooden barracks, the gas chambers, and Krematorium III still stand on the ground where they were used. At the southern end of the field, the Mauzoleum designed by Wiktor Tołkin and dedicated in 1969 covers a low concrete dome of human ashes recovered from the camp. The Pomnik Walki i Męczeństwa, the Monument of Struggle and Martyrdom, stands at the north entrance on the Droga Hołdu i Pamięci.
The State Museum at Majdanek, the Państwowe Muzeum na Majdanku, was established by Polish authorities on 2 November 1944, three months after liberation, making it the oldest museum of its kind in the world. The site is on Droga Męczenników Majdanka 67, reached from central Lublin by city bus 23 or 158, a journey of about twenty minutes. Entry is free; children under fourteen are not admitted to the historical exhibition. The grounds are open daily; the indoor exhibitions close on selected national holidays. A self-guided walking route of about 5 km links the visitor centre, the barracks, the gas chambers, and the Mauzoleum.