— — the church where the republic was written.
“The Bulacan town where the First Philippine Republic was declared in January 1899, inside the brick walls of Barasoain Church. Aguinaldo's congress drafted the Malolos Constitution at the convent next door. The Pampanga River runs slow through the old quarter, and the houses along Calle Pariancillo still carry their wooden balconies. Forty kilometres north of Manila by the old road, less on the expressway.
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Malolos is the capital of Bulacan province, on the central plain of Luzon, about forty-two kilometres north of Manila along the North Luzon Expressway. The city sits on the lower Pampanga River where it widens toward Manila Bay, with a population of roughly two hundred and sixty thousand. The old centre is built around Barasoain Church, the Malolos Cathedral, and the wide plaza in front of them, with several hundred surviving Spanish-era and early-American houses along Calle Pariancillo and the streets behind it.
Barasoain Church, built by the Augustinians and finished in 1888, is a brick basilica with a thin façade and a single bell-tower set behind a low courtyard. The Malolos Constitutional Congress sat inside its walls from September 1898 to January 1899 and drafted the constitution of the First Philippine Republic, which President Emilio Aguinaldo signed in the same nave. The image of the church appears on the Philippine ten-peso banknote, and the building still serves as an active parish of the Diocese of Malolos.
The civic calendar turns around two dates. January twenty-third marks the inauguration of the First Philippine Republic at Barasoain in 1899, observed across the country and with a long programme of masses and processions in Malolos itself. The patronal feast of the Immaculate Conception on December eighth fills the cathedral plaza with bands and fireworks late into the night. The annual Singkaban Festival each September draws bamboo artisans from across Bulacan into the city for street parades and craft markets.