— — the town that raised the country's national hero.
“A city of about half a million south of Manila Bay, at the foot of Mount Makiling. The hero José Rizal was born here in 1861; his family's restored Spanish-colonial house stands a block from the parish church where he was baptised. Hot springs rise around the volcano's flanks. The lake at Pansol stays the temperature of strong tea, and the air carries woodsmoke and cooking rice.
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Calamba is a first-class component city in Laguna province on the southern shore of Laguna de Bay, about 54 kilometres south of Manila by the South Luzon Expressway. The city sits at the northern foot of Mount Makiling, a 1,090-metre dormant stratovolcano, and is the de facto capital of the Calabarzon region. Its 2020 census population was 539,671. José Rizal — the Philippine national hero — was born here on 19 June 1861.
Mount Makiling, the volcano that shadows Calamba from the south, holds the city's weather and water. Rising 1,090 metres above the Laguna plain, it draws afternoon cloud during the May–October monsoon and feeds the hot springs at Pansol and Bucal from a shallow geothermal reservoir. The Makiling Forest Reserve, managed by the University of the Philippines Los Baños, protects more than 4,200 hectares of secondary rainforest on its slopes.
The Rizal Shrine on Mercado Street is the principal pilgrimage site, a careful 1949 reconstruction of the two-storey Spanish-colonial house in which the hero was born and lived as a child. Entry is free, daily except Mondays. The St. John the Baptist Parish Church across the plaza holds Rizal's baptismal font. Hot springs at Pansol and Bucal, fed by the volcano's geothermal system, draw weekend visitors from Manila in every dry season.