— — a Greek city the desert held.
“An ancient Greek and Roman city on the green ridge of the Jebel Akhdar, about ten kilometres inland from the Mediterranean. Founded by colonists from Thera in 631 BC and named for the spring of Cyre. The Temple of Apollo still stands above the sanctuary, the Temple of Zeus on the eastern hill. A UNESCO site since 1982, kept by Libyan archaeologists through a long quiet.
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Cyrene lies on the northern slope of the Jebel Akhdar, the Green Mountain that rises from the Libyan coast in the eastern region of Cyrenaica. The ruins sit at about 600 metres above sea level near the modern town of Shahhat, roughly ten kilometres from the small port of Apollonia. Greek colonists from the island of Thera founded the city in 631 BC, drawn by the spring of Cyre that still flows below the Sanctuary of Apollo. UNESCO inscribed Cyrene in 1982 for its Greek and Roman remains.
The site holds five terraces of building, from the Sanctuary of Apollo at the spring up through the agora and the Caesareum to the Temple of Zeus on the eastern acropolis. The Temple of Zeus is one of the largest Doric temples of the ancient world, roughly the scale of the Parthenon. The Roman-era theatre seats about a thousand. Local limestone was quarried from the cliffs above the city. A 2011 storm damaged several structures, and conservation work has been intermittent since.
Cyrene was placed on the World Heritage in Danger list in 2016 after a period of unauthorised construction and looting during the Libyan civil conflict. Visits depend on the security situation, the local Department of Antiquities at Shahhat, and travel advisories from foreign ministries. The drive from Benghazi runs about 220 kilometres east along the coast road. Spring, March through May, offers the wildflowers the Jebel Akhdar is named for and temperatures in the low twenties Celsius.