— — a stone room left standing for two and a half thousand years.
“A small limestone tomb on an open plain in Fars, raised for Cyrus the Great around 530 BCE. Six broad steps lift a single gabled chamber about eleven metres above the ground. Alexander stood here, the Sassanians left it alone, and the Mongols passed it by. The Persepolis ruins lie an hour south, but the tomb at Pasargadae is older, plainer, and the one most travellers remember.
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The tomb sits at the centre of the ancient royal city of Pasargadae, on a wide plain in northern Fars Province at about 1,900 metres elevation, around 90 kilometres northeast of Shiraz by road. Cyrus II, founder of the Achaemenid Empire, established Pasargadae as his capital after defeating the Median king Astyages in 550 BCE. The site was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list in 2004. Shiraz International Airport is the practical entry point; from there the drive crosses the Bolaghi Valley to reach the plain.
The tomb is built of large white limestone blocks quarried from the Sivand area, set without mortar and clamped with iron dovetails. Six broad rectangular steps form a base about thirteen metres on a side. The chamber on top is roughly three by two metres, with a gabled roof of two stone slabs. The total height is close to eleven metres. The 1820s account of Sir Robert Ker Porter and the 1960s excavations of David Stronach are the standard descriptions of the structure.
Built around 530 BCE, the tomb has stood through the Achaemenid, Seleucid, Parthian, Sassanian, Caliphate, Mongol, Safavid, and modern Iranian eras. Alexander visited and ordered the chamber repaired after looting in 324 BCE, according to Arrian and Strabo. Later it was identified for centuries as the tomb of King Solomon's mother and protected on that account, which is one reason early Islamic conquerors left it standing. The annual Cyrus Day gathering on 29 October draws Iranians to the site.