— — the place where a man sat under a tree.
“Bodh Gaya, on the Bihar plain about a hundred kilometres south of Patna. The brick tower has stood here since roughly the sixth century, raised on the site Ashoka first marked in the third century BCE. The Bodhi tree behind it is a direct descendant of the tree the Buddha sat under. Monks from a dozen countries keep monasteries within walking distance of the gate.
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The Mahabodhi Temple stands in Bodh Gaya, in Bihar's Gaya district, about 96 km south of Patna and 12 km from the city of Gaya. The present brick structure dates to the late Gupta period, between the fifth and sixth centuries CE, raised on the site of an earlier shrine built by the Emperor Ashoka in the third century BCE. The central tower rises about 55 metres above the temple platform. UNESCO inscribed the complex on the World Heritage List in 2002.
The temple is built of brick rather than stone — exceptional for a structure of this scale and age on the Indian subcontinent. The exterior carries niches of stucco Buddha figures and the distinctive curvilinear sikhara profile that shaped Burmese and Thai temple architecture for centuries. The Vajrasana, or Diamond Throne, sits behind the temple between the building and the Bodhi tree — a polished sandstone slab installed by Ashoka in the third century BCE, marking the spot of the Buddha's enlightenment.
The complex is open to visitors from dawn until well after dark, with no entry fee for the main temple. The cool season from November through February is the pilgrimage high season, when His Holiness the Dalai Lama has historically led teachings in early January. Photography is permitted in the outer compound but not inside the inner sanctum. The Bodhi tree itself is roped off; pilgrims circle the platform on a paved circumambulation path and tie thread to the railing of the Vajrasana.