— the city where the train rides under the sky.
“A city in the Bergisches Land of North Rhine-Westphalia, built along the narrow valley of the river Wupper. Known for the Schwebebahn, the suspension railway that has hung from steel arches above the river since 1901. Birthplace of Friedrich Engels and of the choreographer Pina Bausch. Steep wooded slopes, brick mill buildings, slate roofs darkened by rain. About 355,000 people live in the long valley.
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Wuppertal is a city of about 355,000 in the Bergisches Land of North Rhine-Westphalia, formed in 1929 from the merger of Elberfeld, Barmen, and several smaller towns. It sits along thirteen kilometres of the Wupper valley between Düsseldorf and the Ruhr. The Schwebebahn, opened in March 1901, is the oldest electric elevated suspension railway in the world and still carries about 24 million passengers each year along its 13.3-kilometre route above the river. The city was a centre of the early German textile and chemical industries.
The Schwebebahn runs daily from about five in the morning until eleven at night, with a single ticket valid across the VRR transport network. The Von der Heydt Museum in Elberfeld holds significant collections of German Expressionism and French Impressionism. The Tanztheater Wuppertal Pina Bausch performs at the Opernhaus in Barmen on a published season schedule; tickets sell out months ahead. The Engels-Haus in Barmen, the family home of Friedrich Engels, reopened in 2020 after restoration and is free to enter.
The river Wupper rises in the hills of the Bergisches Land near Marienheide and runs about 116 kilometres west to join the Rhine at Leverkusen. Through the city it is narrow and fast, walled in stone, and crossed by dozens of small bridges. In the nineteenth century the river powered the textile mills and was so polluted by the dye works it ran in changing colours week by week. Since the 1990s the water has cleared, and brown trout have returned to the upper reaches.