— — a walled town inside a 15-million-year-old scar.
“A small Bavarian town inside the Nördlinger Ries, the bowl a meteor left when it struck this part of Europe. The medieval walls are still complete, a circuit of about two and a half kilometres, and a covered walkway runs the entire top. St. Georg's tower rises out of the centre. The local stone in the wall contains tiny diamonds, formed in the heat of the impact. From the tower the whole crater opens up. from the studio
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Nördlingen sits in the centre of the Nördlinger Ries, a 25-kilometre-wide impact crater in Bavarian Swabia, gouged out by an asteroid roughly 14.8 million years ago. The town grew on the Roman trade route and was a Free Imperial City from 1215 until 1802. Its complete circular wall, about 2.7 kilometres around with sixteen towers and five gates, is one of only three fully preserved medieval town walls in Germany. The covered wallwalk is open to pedestrians along the entire circuit, free of charge.
Much of the old town, including St. Georg's Church and the wall itself, is built from suevite, the breccia formed in the seconds of the meteor strike. Suevite carries microscopic diamonds, formed by the shock pressure of the impact, embedded in the matrix; geologists estimate roughly 72,000 tonnes of micro-diamonds are scattered across the town's masonry. St. Georg's was completed in 1505 and its tower, called the Daniel, rises about 90 metres over the rooftops. The climb is 350 steps and the watchman still calls down from the top each night.
Nördlingen lies on the Romantic Road between Rothenburg and Augsburg, about 130 kilometres northwest of Munich, served by regional rail from Donauwörth. The Rieskratermuseum, set in a 1503 barn near the market square, charges a small admission and explains the impact through Apollo-era moon samples on loan from NASA. The wallwalk takes about an hour at a steady pace; the Daniel tower climb adds twenty minutes and the best afternoon light. The Pfingstmesse fair fills the town for ten days each spring.