— the fortress the city walks out to.
“A sea fortress on six linked islands, fifteen minutes by ferry from Helsinki's Market Square. The Swedish crown began the walls in 1748, when this coast was still the eastern edge of the kingdom. Ramparts of grey granite step down to the water. Around eight hundred people live inside the bastions year-round, and the ferry runs in every season.
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Suomenlinna is a sea fortress on a cluster of six islands at the entrance to Helsinki's South Harbour, reached by a 15-minute public ferry from Kauppatori, the Market Square. Construction began in 1748 under the Swedish crown, led by the architect Augustin Ehrensvärd, when Finland was still part of Sweden and the fortress was called Sveaborg. It was renamed Suomenlinna in 1918, after Finnish independence. UNESCO inscribed the site on the World Heritage list in 1991.
The fortress is built of dark Finnish granite, quarried from the islands themselves and laid into bastions, ravelins, and dry docks that still hold their original lines. The Kustaanmiekka strait between two of the islands is crossed by the baroque King's Gate, the ceremonial entrance facing the open Baltic, completed in 1754. Cannon embrasures sit at the height where summer visitors now picnic. Around 200 buildings stand inside the walls, most from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
Public HSL ferries run from Helsinki's Market Square in every season, included in the standard Helsinki transport ticket. The crossing takes about fifteen minutes and runs more often through the summer. About 800 people live on the islands year-round, and the site receives close to a million visitors a year. Six small museums sit inside the fortress, including the Suomenlinna Museum and the World War II submarine Vesikko. Paths are uneven granite and ice over between December and March.