— — a dry valley that kept the kings for three thousand years.
“The royal burial ground of the New Kingdom pharaohs. For nearly five centuries, from about 1539 to 1075 BCE, the kings of the 18th, 19th, and 20th dynasties were cut into the limestone of a single dry valley on the west bank of the Nile, hidden behind the pyramid-shaped peak of al-Qurn. More than sixty tombs have been recorded. Tutankhamun's was the one found nearly intact, in 1922.
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The Valley of the Kings (Arabic: Wādī al-Mulūk) lies on the west bank of the Nile across from modern Luxor, ancient Thebes, in Upper Egypt. The valley sits below the pyramid-shaped peak of al-Qurn, which the ancient Egyptians associated with the goddess Hathor. The site holds at least 65 numbered tombs and chambers, cut between roughly 1539 and 1075 BCE during the 18th, 19th, and 20th dynasties. It is part of the Ancient Thebes with its Necropolis UNESCO World Heritage Site, inscribed in 1979.
The tombs are cut into the soft Theban limestone of the valley walls. Most descend in stepped corridors to a burial chamber decorated with passages from the Book of the Dead, the Amduat, and the Book of Gates. The longest tomb, Seti I's KV17, runs more than 137 metres into the rock. Tutankhamun's KV62, found by the British archaeologist Howard Carter on 4 November 1922, was the only royal tomb in the valley discovered with most of its grave goods intact.
A standard ticket admits visitors to any three of the open tombs; Tutankhamun, Seti I, and Ramesses VI each require a separate ticket. The valley opens around 06:00 in summer and closes mid-afternoon, when the heat in the unshaded basin becomes severe. Most visitors arrive from cruise boats moored on the east bank at Luxor and cross by ferry or by the road bridge. Photography inside the tombs requires a separate camera ticket, sold at the visitor centre.