— — the city the banyans rooted into.
“Fuzhou is the old capital of Fujian, set inland from the Taiwan Strait where the Min River widens toward the coast. The city is named for Mount Fu but known for its banyans, the great spreading trees a Song-dynasty governor had planted along every street. A thousand years on they still hold the shade above Three Lanes and Seven Alleys.
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Fuzhou sits at the mouth of the Min River on China's southeast coast, the provincial capital of Fujian and one of the country's earliest treaty ports. The metropolitan area holds roughly 8.3 million people, ringed by low mountains, with Drum Mountain to the east and Mount Qi to the west hemming the old city against the river for two millennia. The historic core, Three Lanes and Seven Alleys, preserves Ming and Qing courtyard houses across forty hectares near the city centre.
Three Lanes and Seven Alleys (Sanfang Qixiang) is the oldest surviving residential quarter in urban Fuzhou, with whitewashed walls and grey-tiled roofs dating to the Tang and Song dynasties and built out under the Ming. Roughly two hundred preserved courtyard houses line the grid, several of them the former homes of nineteenth-century reformers, including Lin Zexu, the magistrate who burned the foreign opium stocks at Canton in 1839. The district was restored in the 2000s and added to UNESCO's tentative list in 2012.
Fuzhou's nickname, Rongcheng (the Banyan City), traces to a 1064 directive from Zhang Boyu, the prefect who ordered banyan trees planted along every public road. Many of those trees still stand, some with crowns spreading more than thirty metres above the lanes. The largest, on Mount Yu in the centre of the city, is around a thousand years old. Subtropical and humid, the climate keeps the canopy green through every season but the briefest winter.