— — a volcano nobody is watching tonight.
“The highest point in any Australian territory rises 2,745 metres out of the southern Indian Ocean, on a glaciated, uninhabited island roughly 4,100 kilometres southwest of Perth. Mawson Peak is the active summit vent of Big Ben, the stratovolcano that is Heard Island. It last erupted in 2016. The island and its smaller neighbour are a UNESCO World Heritage Site, closed to general visitors.
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Mawson Peak is the summit of Big Ben, the active stratovolcano that forms most of Heard Island in the southern Indian Ocean. At 2,745 metres it is the highest point in any Australian territory, higher than mainland Australia's Mount Kosciuszko at 2,228 metres. Heard Island and the nearby McDonald Islands form an Australian external territory roughly 4,100 kilometres southwest of Perth and 1,700 kilometres north of Antarctica. The combined Heard Island and McDonald Islands group was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997, recognised as one of the few largely undisturbed sub-Antarctic ecosystems.
Heard Island has no permanent population, no airstrip, and no harbour. The Australian Antarctic Division mounts occasional research voyages from Hobart, a passage of around two weeks each way through some of the most consistently rough water in the world; the latitudes near 50°S south of the Indian Ocean are known to mariners as the Furious Fifties. The island's only structures are a few weather-damaged huts at Atlas Cove from the 1947 ANARE station, long abandoned. The closest inhabited land is the French Kerguelen Islands, about 450 kilometres to the northwest.
Access to Heard Island is controlled under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 and requires a permit from the Australian Antarctic Division. There is no tourism programme; permits are granted almost exclusively for scientific research. The first ascent of Mawson Peak was made in January 1965 by a four-person team from the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE). Eruptions of Big Ben have been observed remotely by satellite at intervals through the 2000s, with the most recent confirmed activity in 2016. The summit area shows persistent thermal anomalies.